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Startups & InventorsDrone / UAV

Drone Control System

Custom flight controller PCB, real-time firmware, and a ground-station desktop app for an inspection drone.

ClientAnonymised startup
Timeframe20 weeks
PermissionAnonymised
SegmentStartups & Inventors
PCB DesignEmbedded FirmwareMechanical CAD
At a Glance

What we delivered (snapshot)

  • Custom 6-layer flight controller PCB with IMU, barometer, GPS, and 4× ESC outputs.
  • Real-time RTOS firmware (Zephyr) with PID attitude control and MAVLink telemetry.
  • Carbon fibre frame CAD and motor-mount assemblies for 5-inch inspection platform.
Background

The Challenge

A UAV startup needed a custom flight controller to meet specific payload and telemetry requirements that existing open-source controllers couldn't satisfy without extensive modification. The drone was intended for confined-space inspection (pipes, ducts) where the standard flight envelopes of commercial platforms were too conservative.

The system required deterministic real-time control, a custom telemetry protocol for encrypted ground-station communication, and a carbon fibre airframe sized precisely for door-width duct entry (sub-250 mm).

Project Parameters

Constraints

Timeline

20 weeks — Blueprint Sprint + design + prototype

Budget Band

£50k–£75k (PCB + firmware + CAD)

Technical Constraints

  • Real-time RTOS — deterministic control loop ≤ 1 ms jitter
  • Sub-250 mm airframe width
  • Encrypted telemetry link (custom protocol over 915 MHz)
  • Drone/UAV scope — within HNES remit
Methodology

Our Approach

  1. 1

    Fit check & constraints clarification

    Confirmed UAV scope (within HNES remit), reviewed payload requirements, and selected Zephyr RTOS as flight-critical RTOS.

  2. 2

    Requirements & acceptance criteria for V1

    Defined control loop timing budget, telemetry latency target, and airframe ingress protection for duct operation.

  3. 3

    Architecture & risk register

    PCB layer stack for EMI separation, risk register covering RF certification, IMU vibration isolation design.

  4. 4

    Design & build

    Simultaneous 6-layer PCB design, Zephyr RTOS firmware, and carbon fibre airframe CAD with custom motor mounts.

  5. 5

    Integration & validation

    HITL simulation, bench PID tuning, initial hover tests in controlled environment, telemetry encryption validation.

  6. 6

    Handover package

    Full repo, PCB manufacturing pack, airframe drawings, PID tuning log, and recorded handover session.

Outputs

What We Delivered

Electronics / PCB
  • Schematic and 6-layer PCB layout
  • Gerbers, BOM, and assembly notes
  • EMC pre-scan report and design recommendations
Firmware
  • Zephyr RTOS firmware source (attitude control + telemetry)
  • PID tuning log and default parameter set
  • MAVLink + custom protocol documentation
Mechanical CAD
  • Carbon fibre airframe CAD (sub-250 mm)
  • Motor-mount and arm assembly drawings
  • DFM notes for CNC carbon fibre cutting
Software / Dashboard
  • Ground station desktop app (Electron + React)
  • Encrypted telemetry session documentation
  • Build and deployment guide
Results

Outcome

"V1 prototype achieved stable hover within the 20-week timeline. Confined-space test confirmed the 248 mm airframe successfully navigated a 260 mm duct entrance. Telemetry link maintained integrity at 200 m range in tests."

Delivery

Handover

  • All hardware and firmware repos
  • PCB manufacturing pack
  • Airframe CAD files and cutting specs
  • Ground station app and encrypted protocol spec
  • Recorded handover session
Explore Further

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